Climate change hazards pose a significant threat to transportation infrastructure worldwide, leading to substantial economic losses and operational disruptions. The Mediterranean Basin, including Türkiye, is highly vulnerable to climate change, facing risks such as floods and erosion, reduced rainfall, droughts and erosion. With support from GRTD, ISSD has conducted a comprehensive evaluation of the impacts of climate change on railway infrastructure. This executive summary provides an overview of a systematic review of the effects of climate change on railway systems, identifying critical segments within Türkiye’s railway network that are particularly susceptible to climate-induced hazards. Drawing on these insights, the summary proposes a set of strategies to enhance the resilience of railway infrastructure, maintenance routines, and operational protocols. Ultimately, it examines the integration of innovative technologies to support adaptation and ensure long-term sustainability in the face of increasing climate risks.