Since 2020, the SPARC programme (Supporting Pastoralism and Agriculture in Recurrent and Protracted Crises) has supported research to understand the challenges that agricultural and pastoralist communities face from conflict, climate change, political instability, and economic uncertainty. As the SPARC programme comes to a close, FCDO is reviewing the programme, consolidating lessons learned and looking ahead to further research investments. The RCC is supporting this work with research outputs to guide the design of future programming and enable learning on delivering effective research in FCAS settings